Present Tense

Present Tense Simple Present Tense or used to express the event or events, activities, events and so forth that happened today. Present Tense is also used to express a fact, or something that happens over and over again the days NOW.

PATTERN :

A. 1. Subject (I/You/They/We) + Verb + Object

+ Time signal

2. Subject + (Adverb of frequency) + (Verb 1 +

Subject/es) + Object + Time signal

B. 1. Subject + BE + Adjective/preposition/noun

Exemples :

a. I wake up at four o’clock avery morning

b. She always walks to school

c. The sun risen in the east

d.The sun sets in the west

e.Adam likes correspondence

f.Today he gets a letter from Ronald

g.Mira reads magazines everyday

h.The birds fly to the sky

i.They are good dancers

Simple Past Tense

*is to use describe an event that happened and ended in the past.

* Regular verbs from their past tense by adding –d or –ed to base form.

Pattern

=> Subject + Verb (-ed) + Object

=> He/She/It/I + To Be (Was) + Complement

=> We/They/You +To Be(Were) + Complement

=> (+) Subject + Verb 2 + Object +Time signal

=> (- ) Subject + did+not+Verb 2 + Object + Time

signal

=> (?) Did + Subject + Verb 1 + Time signal +....

a.Affirmatif Forms ( + )

Exemple:

a. Mantu lived in a village deep in the jungle

b. They mofed to a bigger house

c. We loved him very much

d. She went to Malang a week ago

e. My ancle bought this house from a frienf of my father

f. My sister worked for ten years

g. Mr.Yamamoto repaired the car yesterday

b.Negatif Forms ( - )

Examples:

a.I didn’t see an accident last night

b.My father didn’t worked hard yesterday

c.Maharani didn’t bought a new bike last week

d.They didn’t the home work last Sunday

e.The girls didn’t came late to school two days ago

f.We didn’t take piano lesson last monday

c.Interogative forms (?)

a.Did I see an accident last night ?

yes,you did/no,you didn’t

b.Did my father work hard yesterday ?

yes,he did/no,he didn’t

c.Did Mr.Yamamoto repair the car yesterday ?

yes,he did/no,he didn’t

d.Did the girls come late to school ?

yes,they did/no,they didn’t

e.Did we take piano lesson last Monday ?

yes,we did/no,we didn’t

Personal Pronouns

Definition:

Personal pronouns refer to the person who is doing the action or to whom the action affects. In that way we distinguish two types of personal pronouns: Personal "Subject Pronouns" and Personal "Object Pronouns".

Personal Subject Pronouns

We use the Personal Subject Pronouns to refer to the person who is doing the action of the verb or the verb speaks about. A subjective personal pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting as the subject of the sentence.

Example Personal Subject Pronouns

1. Jhon is listening to music.
=> He listens to music every day.
* In this case, "he" substitutes "Jhon" which is the subject of the sentence.

2. Are you the delegates from Malagawatch?

3. After many years, they returned to their homeland.

Personal Object
Pronouns

We use the Personal Object Pronouns to refer to the person whom the action of the verbs affects. An objective personal pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting as an object of a verb, compound verb, preposition, or infinitive phrase.

Possesive Adjective

Notes:
A possessive adjective is similar or identical to a possessive pronoun; however, it is used as an adjective and modifies a noun or a noun phrase.

Exemple :

I can't complete my assignment because I don't have the textbook.
* In this sentence, the possessive adjective "my" modifies the noun "assignment".

What is your phone number?
* Here the possessive adjective "your" is used to modify the noun phrase "phone number"

The cat chased its ball down the stairs and into the backyard.
* In this sentence, the possessive adjective "its" modifies "ball"

Demonstrative Pronouns

Definition:

Demonstrative pronouns are pronouns that point to specific things. "This, that, these, those, none and neither" are Demonstrative Pronouns that substitute nouns when the nouns they replace can be understood from the context. At the same time, to indicate whether they are close or far, in space or time, from the speaker in the moment of speaking. They also indicate whether they are replacing singular or plural words. Some grammars describe them as members of the class of function words called "determiners", since they identify nouns and other nominals.

Exemple Demonstrative Pronouns

Exemple:

* This tastes delicious. (This is the subject of the sentence.)

* I don't like this. (This is the direct object of the sentence.)

* That will run for an hour. (That is the subject of the sentence.)

* Jim wrote that. (That is the direct object of the sentence.)

* These look good. (These is the subject of the sentence.)